Historic sites
Turkey
Akdamar Island
It is one of several islands on Lake Van, currently the most developed. You can reach it by one of the ferries departing from small ports in Gevaş or Edermit. Due to this, a significant number of tourists—both Armenian and non-Armenian—visit the island during the summer season. On the island, there is an old Armenian Church of the Holy Cross, which dates back to the 10th century. The interior of the church is adorned with paintings depicting both Christian and non-Christian scenes. Akdamar Island (Axtamar) is rocky. Those who climb the small hill on the island will be rewarded with a picturesque view. Currently, the island features two primitive beaches, from which it is, of course, very easy to access the lake and take a swim. You can explore Akdamar Island with us by joining the following trip: Mount Ararat with cultural tours – 9 days
İshak Paşa Sarayı
The famous İshak Paşa Palace is located just 5 km from Doğubeyazıt. The palace is set in a stunning landscape of mountains, hills, and rocks at an altitude of 2,000 meters above sea level. Its construction began in 1685 and was completed 99 years later. The palace belonged to a Kurdish prince (pasha) named İshak. This palace and mosque complex is a mixture of Seljuk, Ottoman, Georgian, Persian, and Armenian styles. Undoubtedly, it is one of the most beautiful monuments in eastern Turkey. Nearby, there is also a mosque that dates back to the Ottoman era. The surrounding area is filled with old ruins and building stones, evidence that a city once stood here—on the hill. Until recently, there was also an old chapel and cemetery nearby. Unfortunately, as a result of recent changes, a new building imitating an old structure now stands in their place. From the palace hill, there is a beautiful view of the surroundings, perfect for a stroll. From here, you can also see the ruins of Urartian fortifications. You can explore İshak Paşa Palace with us by joining one of the following trips:
- Mount Ararat Standard Tour Special offer,
- Mount Ararat Standard Tour.
- Mount Ararat with cultural tours – 9 days.
Noah’s Ark
Mount Ararat is not only the highest peak in Turkey and a symbolic landmark of the East but also a site mentioned in the Bible. According to the scriptures, it was on the slopes of this majestic volcano that Noah’s Ark came to rest after the waters of the flood receded. This ancient story attracts travellers, adventurers, and mystery enthusiasts from around the world, all dreaming of discovering traces of this mythical vessel. Ararat, towering at 5,137 meters above sea level, is not only an icon of the region but also the centre of numerous research expeditions. Although Noah’s Ark has never been found, many reports claiming sightings of wooden fragments on the Ararat glacier have sparked great excitement and added a mystical aura to this mountain. Climbing Ararat offers an immersive experience in a landscape that has inspired human imagination for centuries and serves as the backdrop to one of the oldest stories known to mankind. For anyone visiting this region, Noah’s Ark is a unique highlight. The view of the snow-capped slopes and the vast expanse surrounding the mountain conveys the uniqueness of this place, where biblical descriptions seem to meet reality. Ararat is not just about trekking and breathtaking views—it’s also a journey through time that invites reflection on one of the most beautiful stories of renewal and hope. By embarking on a journey with Ararattrek, you have the chance not only to experience the beauty of Ararat but also to feel the atmosphere carried by the story of Noah’s Ark. Who knows? Perhaps you will be the one to uncover its traces during your expedition. In our schedule, you will find many trips to Ararat and Turkey.
Armenia
Khor Virap
Khor Virap is one of the most unique places in Armenia, captivating visitors with its history and picturesque location. The monastery, situated on a small hill in the Araks River Valley, offers an unparalleled view of the sacred Mount Ararat, which majestically rises on the horizon. This is a site that combines spirituality, history, and unforgettable landscapes, making it a must-see destination for every traveller. The history of the monastery dates back to the 4th century and is closely tied to Armenia’s adoption of Christianity. According to legend, this is where Saint Gregory the Illuminator—who later became a key figure in the Christianization of Armenia—was imprisoned for 13 years. The name Khor Virap translates to “deep well” and refers to the dungeon where Gregory was held. Today, visitors can descend into the underground chamber to witness this historic site first-hand. It’s not just the history that makes Khor Virap exceptional. This is a place where Armenia’s spiritual heritage meets natural beauty. Surrounding the monastery are picturesque vineyards and verdant plains, with morning mists adding a mystical charm to the site. At sunset, the view of Ararat, bathed in warm light, takes one’s breath away. Khor Virap is not only a destination for pilgrimages and tourist visits but also a place of reflection and inspiration. Coming here allows you to feel the vibe of ancient Armenia and understand why this place holds such significance in the hearts of Armenians. By joining an expedition with Ararattrek, you can combine exploring history with marvelling at the beauty of the surrounding nature.
Zvartnots
Another recommendation for attractions and landmarks is the monumental cathedral with extraordinary architecture known as Zvartnots. Armenia delights visitors with its unique testaments to its rich history. The cathedral, whose name means “place of repose,” was built in the 7th century during the golden age of medieval Armenia. It was one of the most innovative structures of its time, distinguished by a unique blend of Byzantine and Armenian influences in its architectural design. The ruins of Zvartnots, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, captivate visitors with their austere elegance. The monumental columns that have withstood the test of time and the remnants of intricate mosaics testify to the craftsmanship of ancient builders. The cathedral’s story, which ended with its destruction in a 10th-century earthquake, speaks of the strength, spirituality, and resilience of the Armenian people. Zvartnots is located near the city of Echmiadzin, the spiritual centre of Armenia, making it easily accessible for travellers. Walking through the ruins, one can almost hear the echoes of prayers and hymns that once filled this impressive building. This site is not only a historical monument but also a symbol of Armenia’s cultural identity.
Geghard
Another extraordinary attraction in Armenia is the monastery of Geghard, one of the most unique and spiritual places in the world. Armenia, the cradle of Christianity, is renowned for its exceptional monuments, which attract pilgrims and tourists from around the globe. Geghard, inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List, amazes visitors with its remarkable architecture. This monastery literally emerges from the surrounding rocks. The name Geghard means “spear” and refers to the Holy Spear, which, according to tradition, was used to pierce Christ’s side during the crucifixion. For centuries, the monastery served as a repository for this precious relic, making it one of the most important religious centres in Armenia. A unique feature of Geghard is its chapels carved into the rock, which harmoniously blend with the natural landscape, creating a site of extraordinary beauty. The Geghard Monastery is located in the picturesque Azat River valley, surrounded by steep, rocky slopes. Strolling through this sacred site, visitors can admire both the craftsmanship of medieval architects and the raw charm of nature. It is a place full of legends, spirituality, and breathtaking views that will undoubtedly remain in the memory of every visitor.
You can visit Khor Virap, Zvartnots and Geghard during the expeditions to Armenia, such as trip to Mount Aragats.
Georgia
Vardzia
Vardzia is one of the most fascinating places in Georgia, where history and nature intertwine in a unique way. Located in the southern part of the country, this complex of rock-hewn monasteries and chambers stands as a testament to the remarkable heritage of the region. Georgia enchants with its landmarks, and Vardzia, carved into the slopes of Mount Erusheti, is one of the most impressive examples of medieval rock architecture. The complex was established in the 12th century at the initiative of Queen Tamar, one of Georgia’s most prominent rulers. Initially intended to serve as a fortress and spiritual centre, its location and the craftsmanship of its builders made it a symbol of the country’s power and independence. At its peak, Vardzia housed up to 600 chambers, including chapels, assembly halls, storerooms, and sleeping quarters, enabling its inhabitants to withstand prolonged sieges. One of the most captivating features of Vardzia is a fresco depicting Queen Tamar, one of the few preserved images of this legendary figure. Walking through the narrow rock-cut corridors and admiring the panoramic views of the Mtkwari River valley, visitors can feel the spirit of the past and immerse themselves in the extraordinary atmosphere of this place. Vardzia is not just a monument but also a living lesson in Georgia’s history and its struggle for identity and independence. Vardzia can be included in the schedule of a tailored tour.
Kutaisi – attractions
The Georgian city known for its beautiful architecture and rich history is Kutaisi. Attractions in this region include both natural wonders and UNESCO-listed monuments. One of the most important landmarks on the tourist map is the Bagrati Cathedral, a symbol of medieval Georgia’s power. This hilltop structure offers not only the chance to admire historic architecture but also stunning views of the city and its surroundings. It’s also worth visiting the Gelati Monastery, one of Georgia’s most significant centres of culture and spirituality. Strolling through the historic centre of Georgia, you’ll encounter Kutaisi. Attractions such as the Okatse Canyon or Prometheus Cave will transport you to a world of extraordinary rock formations and lush nature. Okatse Canyon is perfect for nature lovers and light trekking enthusiasts – walking on suspended bridges over the abyss is an unforgettable experience. Meanwhile, Prometheus Cave amazes visitors with its network of underground corridors and lakes, which can be explored by boat, offering a spectacular play of lights. If you’re looking for additional attractions in Kutaisi, make sure to visit the local market, where you can immerse yourself in the true atmosphere of Georgia. Aromatic spices, fresh fruits and vegetables, and traditional handicrafts make for perfect souvenirs. In the evening, the city comes alive with numerous restaurants serving Georgian specialities such as khinkali or khachapuri. Kutaisi is a place where rich history meets modernity, offering unforgettable experiences to every visitor.
Kazbegi – Stepantsminda
Kazbegi, also known as Stepantsminda, is one of the most picturesque places in Georgia, renowned for its natural beauty and exceptional location at the foot of the majestic Kazbek massif. This small town, surrounded by the mighty peaks of the Caucasus, attracts both mountain hiking enthusiasts and those wishing to explore local culture and traditions. Stepantsminda is best known for the Holy Trinity Church in Gergeti, which stands on a hill above the town, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding area. Kazbegi is not only a gateway to mountain treks but also a place where you can feel the true spirit of Georgia. Stepantsminda offers numerous trails of varying difficulty – from easy valley walks in the Terek Valley to challenging ascents to the Gergeti Glacier. Hiking in the area, you can admire scenic landscapes, rushing streams, and gorges that give this part of the Caucasus its unique character. For nature lovers and photographers, Kazbegi is a source of endless inspiration. After an active day in Stepantsminda, it’s worth tasting local specialities in one of the many restaurants serving traditional Georgian cuisine. Khinkali and khachapuri have a unique flavour here, and evenings spent with a glass of wine in the mountain setting leave a lasting impression on every visitor.
Cminda Sameba – the Holy Trinity Church
Cminda Sameba, or the Holy Trinity Church in Gergeti, is one of the most recognizable symbols of Georgia. Located at an altitude of 2,170 meters above sea level, in the heart of the Caucasus, the church towers over Stepantsminda, creating a picturesque landscape with the majestic Kazbek massif in the background. This site attracts travellers from around the world not only for its architecture but also for its unique atmosphere and tranquillity. The history of the Holy Trinity Church dates back to the 14th century, and its distinctive architectural style combines elements of traditional Georgian sacred art with exceptional stonework craftsmanship. Built from local stone, the church seems almost fused with the surrounding mountains. This site has served for centuries both as a place of worship and a refuge for residents during challenging times. A visit to Cminda Sameba is a must on any trip to Kazbegi. You can reach it on foot via scenic trekking trails or by taking a ride in an off-road vehicle. The view of the church, surrounded by the rugged nature of the Caucasus, is an unforgettable experience and an excellent opportunity for reflection on the beauty of nature and Georgia’s cultural heritage.
Georgian Military Road
The Georgian Military Road is one of the most scenic routes in all of Georgia, as well as a historical route of strategic importance. It connects Tbilisi with the Russian city of Vladikavkaz, traversing the majestic ranges of the Greater Caucasus. This approximately 200 km long road leads through breathtaking landscapes – from deep valleys and rushing rivers to towering mountain peaks. The history of the Georgian Military Road dates back to antiquity, when the route served as an important trade and military artery, facilitating the flow of people, goods, and armies between the north and the south. In the 19th century, under the rule of the Russian Empire, the road was expanded and took its present form. Today, it attracts travellers not only with its history but also with numerous attractions along its route. On the Georgian Military Road, you should stop at places like the picturesque Ananuri Lake with its impressive castle complex, the Cross Pass at an altitude of 2,379 meters above sea level, or the famous mineral springs in Gudauri. Every kilometre of this road offers unforgettable views and the chance to experience the Caucasus in its purest form. The Georgian Military Road is more than just a route – it is a journey through the history, culture, and nature of Georgia.
You can explore Kutaisi, Kazbegi (Stepantsminda), Gergeti Trinity Church, and the Georgian Military Road during the expeditions to Georgia such as Mount Kazbek Tour.
Iran
Persepolis
Persepolis is one of the most significant archaeological sites in the world and the former capital of the Achaemenid Empire. It is located at the foot of the Alborz Mountains, about 70 km northeast of the city of Shiraz. Persepolis is a jewel of ancient architecture and a symbol of the former power of Persia. It was founded by Darius I the Great in 518 BC and served as the ceremonial centre of the empire. This monumental site is famous for its complex of palaces, terraces, and impressive reliefs, which to this day tell the story of Persian victories, traditions, and culture. The most iconic features are the Gate of All Nations, the Great Apadana Palace, and the Palace of Darius, adorned with bas-reliefs depicting processions of peoples bringing tribute to the rulers of Persia. Every sculptural detail testifies to the masterful craftsmanship of ancient artists. Persepolis, inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1979, is also a place full of mysteries. Although Alexander the Great burned the city in 330 BC, many of its treasures and stories have survived the centuries. Today, it attracts archaeologists, historians, and travellers from all over the world who wish to experience the unique atmosphere of ancient Persia. A visit to Persepolis is not only a lesson in history, but also an unforgettable aesthetic experience that captivates with its scale and beauty. You can explore Persepolis during one of the trips to Damavand.
Isfahan
Isfahan, known as the “Half of the World,” is one of the most fascinating cities in Iran, captivating visitors with its extraordinary architecture and rich history. Isfahan is located in the central part of the country, along the Zayandeh River. In the 17th century, it served as the capital of Persia during the reign of Shah Abbas I, leading to its remarkable cultural and architectural flourishing. Today, the city attracts tourists from around the world with its unique atmosphere. At the heart of the city lies Naqsh-e Jahan Square, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, surrounded by monumental structures. One of the main attractions is the Imam Mosque, which enchants visitors with its dazzling dome and intricately decorated mosaics. Nearby, you can find the Ali Qapu Palace and the Sheikh Lotfollah Mosque, renowned for the unique interplay of light on its dome. A walk around this square is like a journey back in time. Isfahan is also famous for its beautiful bridges, such as Si-o-se Pol and Chubi, which span the Zayandeh River and create a romantic setting, especially in the evening when they are illuminated. The city is also known for its Persian gardens and bazaars, where you can find traditional handicrafts, carpets, and jewellery. A visit to Isfahan is a true feast for the senses and an opportunity to immerse yourself in the culture and history of Iran.
Shiraz
Shiraz, known as the city of poets, roses, and nightingales, is one of the most beautiful and picturesque cities in Iran. Located in the southwestern part of the country, Shiraz has been a symbol of Persian culture, literature, and art for centuries. It is home to the tombs of Iran’s most famous poets – Hafez and Saadi, which attract literature enthusiasts from all over the world. Walking through their gardens, you can feel the ambiance of bygone eras and understand why poetry is so significant to Iranians. One of the most renowned landmarks in Shiraz is the Nasir al-Mulk Mosque, also known as the Pink Mosque. Its interior, bathed in a kaleidoscope of colours created by stained glass windows, offers a unique atmosphere, especially in the morning hours. It’s also worth visiting the Vakil Complex, which includes a bazaar, bathhouse, and mosque, showcasing the splendid architecture of the Zand era. Do not miss the Eram Garden, one of the most beautiful Persian gardens in the country, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its exotic plants, elegant architecture, and serene atmosphere make it an ideal place to relax after a day of sightseeing. Shiraz captivates everyone who seeks a blend of history, art, and nature in one place.
Kashan
Kashan, situated on the desert plains of central Iran, is a city full of historic landmarks that enchant visitors with their unique atmosphere. It is renowned for its traditional merchant houses, such as the Tabatabaei House and the Borujerdi House, which are excellent examples of exquisite Persian architecture. The intricate decorations, delicate frescoes, and elaborate stained glass windows make visiting these sites a true journey through time. One of the highlights of Kashan is the Fin Garden – a Persian garden listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Built during the Safavid dynasty, it impresses with its symmetry, fountains, and lush vegetation, offering a stark contrast to the surrounding desert. This garden is not only a place for relaxation but also a historic site connected to significant political events in Iranian history. The traditional bazaars of Kashan are also noteworthy, filled with the aromas of spices, hand-woven carpets, and local artisan products. They are perfect for experiencing the essence of Iran and finding unique souvenirs. Kashan is a city that combines rich history with culture and tradition, offering visitors unforgettable experiences.
You can explore Persepolis, Isfahan, Shiraz and Kashan during the expeditions to Iran such as: Damavand Plus Tour.
Mexico
Tenochtitlan
Tenochtitlan, the former capital of the Aztec Empire, is one of the most fascinating places in the history of Mexico. Built in 1325 on an island in Lake Texcoco, the city was the heart of one of the most powerful pre-Columbian empires in the Americas. Today, its remains are located in the very centre of modern Mexico City, making this place a unique point connecting the past and the present. The main attraction associated with Tenochtitlan is the Templo Mayor – a temple whose ruins can be visited in Mexico’s capital. Nearby, there is also a museum where visitors can admire artefacts and objects found during archaeological excavations, including the famous Stone Sun Disc. Thanks to these discoveries, a better understanding of Aztec culture and beliefs is possible. Tenochtitlan impresses with its history and thoughtful architecture. The city was planned with incredible precision, including a network of canals and causeways that facilitated transportation and daily life for the residents. Today, walking through the historic centre of Mexico City, one can feel the atmosphere of this ancient civilization. A walk through these places is a true journey through time, showcasing the majesty and power of the Aztec Empire. Tenochtitlan is part of the Pico de Orizaba expedition.
Texcoco
Texcoco is one of the most important places in the history of pre-Columbian Mexico. At its height, it was one of the three cities that formed the powerful alliance known as the Triple Alliance, alongside Tenochtitlan and Tlacopan. Located on the shore of the lake of the same name, Texcoco served as a cultural and intellectual centre, being the hub of science, art, and poetry during the Aztec period. In Texcoco was the residence of the ruler Nezahualcoyotl, considered one of the most outstanding thinkers and poets of that time. It was he who introduced innovative irrigation systems and built impressive botanical gardens, which were renowned throughout the region. His palace, though now in ruins, still evokes admiration for its former grandeur and architectural splendour. Today, Texcoco attracts tourists who wish to explore the history of ancient Mexico. Notable are the remains of the former lake, which for centuries was a vital element of the residents’ lives. Texcoco is a place where history, culture, and nature weave together into a fascinating story of Mexico’s rich past. Texcoco is part of the Pico de Orizaba expedition.
Tepoztlan
Tepoztlán is a picturesque town in the state of Morelos, located at the foot of the Tepozteco mountain range, which has attracted history, culture, and nature enthusiasts for centuries. It is known as one of Mexico’s “Magical Towns” (Pueblos Mágicos), distinguished by its unique atmosphere, traditional vibe, and rich cultural heritage. One of the most important landmarks in Tepoztlán is the pre-Columbian sanctuary dedicated to the mythical Tepoztecatl, the figure associated with pulque – an ancient alcoholic beverage made from agave. To reach this pyramid, visitors must hike to the summit of Tepozteco mountain, which is a challenging trek but rewards adventurers with stunning views of the valley and the town below. Tepoztlán is also a place full of culture and local traditions. The famous market in the main square offers handmade crafts, local delicacies, and traditional products such as amaranth sweets and handwoven textiles. The atmosphere is completed by unique colonial architecture and beautiful churches that transport visitors back in time. Tepoztlán is a place where the past meets the beauty of nature, offering unforgettable experiences for everyone who visits. Tepoztlan is part of the Pico de Orizaba expedition.
Xochimilco
Xochimilco, located south of downtown Mexico City, is a UNESCO World Heritage site that captivates visitors with both its history and unique atmosphere. Here, one can find a network of canals and artificial islands, called chinampas, which are remnants of the ancient Aztec agricultural system. This place is often referred to as the “floating garden of Mexico” and is one of the country’s most important cultural landmarks. The most characteristic feature of Xochimilco is the trajineras – colourful boats that offer scenic rides along the canals. During a trajinera ride, visitors can not only enjoy the views but also savour traditional Mexican cuisine, purchase handmade crafts from local vendors, and listen to mariachi performances, which accompany many of the boat trips. The atmosphere of this place blends relaxation with the lively energy of Mexican culture. Xochimilco is part of the Pico de Orizaba expedition.
You can explore Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, Tepoztlan and Xochimilco during the expedition to Mexico such as: Mt Pico de Orizaba Tour.
Knowledge Zone – learn more about the landmarks you’ll see on our expeditions
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